Salmonella control in poultry by ‘competitive exclusion’ or immunization

Competitive exclusion of Salmonella enteritidis by Salmonella gallinarum in poultry.

Salmonella Enteritidis emerged as a major egg-associated pathogen in the late 20th century. Epidemiologic data from England, Wales, and the United States indicate that S. Enteritidis filled the ecologic niche vacated by eradication of S. Gallinarum from poultry, leading to an epidemic increase in human infections. We tested this hypothesis by retrospective analysis of epidemiologic surveys in G...

Alternative Strategies for Salmonella Control in Poultry

Effectiveness of an Undefined Mucosal Competitive Exclusion Treatment to Control Salmonella in Turkeys during Brooding

Mucosal competitive exclusion (MCE) cultures generated from the mucosal scrapings of healthy adult turkeys were administered to commercial turkey poults. MCE-treated poults were placed on tom and hen farms with paired untreated control poults in adjacent houses. After 6 wk in the brood house, cecal droppings from control and treated flocks were collected and analyzed for the presence of salmone...

Comparison of mucosal competitive exclusion and competitive exclusion treatment to reduce Salmonella and Campylobacter spp. colonization in broiler chickens.

Control of Salmonella spp. during the earliest phases of broiler production may provide the best opportunity to reduce human pathogens on processed broiler carcasses. Application of the "Nurmi concept" has been demonstrated to be an effective means in reducing Salmonella colonization among broiler chicks. In 1989, Aho et al. developed a competitive exclusion (CE) culture for control of Salmonel...

Neanderthal Extinction by Competitive Exclusion

BACKGROUND Despite a long history of investigation, considerable debate revolves around whether Neanderthals became extinct because of climate change or competition with anatomically modern humans (AMH). METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We apply a new methodology integrating archaeological and chronological data with high-resolution paleoclimatic simulations to define eco-cultural niches associ...